Disability, race, religion, sexual orientation, and gender identity are all protected characteristics
under the law.
The police and the CPS
define a hate crime as:
"Any criminal offence which is perceived by the victim or any other person to be motivated by
hostility or prejudice based on a person's:
- Disability or perceived disability
- Race or perceived race
- Religion or perceived religion
- Sexual orientation or perceived sexual orientation
- Transgender identity or perceived transgender identity
"
Anyone can be a victim of a hate crime because the victim doesn’t have to be a member of one of the
five protected characteristics; they only need to be perceived as being a member.
What is a hate incident?
A hate incident is a behaviour which might not be a criminal offence but is perceived by the
victim or any other person to be motivated by hostility or prejudice, based on the same categories
as above.
Not all hate incidents will be criminal offences, but they should still be reported and recorded by
the police.
Hate crimes and incidents include physical or verbal abuse, bullying, harassment, intimidation,
damage to property, and more. They can also take place in person, over the telephone, in writing,
and even via social media.